Act 2, Scene 3 of A Raisin in the Sun

Act 2, Scene 3 of 'A Raisin in the Sun' Investigate this plot outline and study manage for Lorraine Hansberrys play, A Raisin in the Sun, which gives a review of Act Two, Scene Three. One Week Later - Moving Day Scene Three of the second demonstration of A Raisin in the Sun happens seven days after the occasions of Scene Two. It is moving day for the Younger family. Ruth and Beantha are making a minute ago arrangements before the movers show up. Ruth relates how she and her better half, Walter Lee, went out to see a film the past night - something they have not done in an extremely lengthy timespan. The sentiment in the marriage appears to have been revived. During and after the film, Ruth and Walter clasped hands. Walter enters, loaded up with bliss and expectation. As opposed to past scenes during the play, Walter currently feels engaged - just as he is at long last controlling his life its appropriate way. He plays an old record and hits the dance floor with his significant other as Beneatha makes jokes about them. Walter messes with his sister (Beneatha otherwise known as Bennie), guaranteeing that she is excessively fixated on social liberties: WALTER: Girl, I do trust you are the main individual throughout the entire existence of the whole human race to effectively program yourself. The Welcoming Committee The doorbell rings. As Beneatha opens the entryway, the crowd is acquainted with Mr. Karl Lindner. He is a white, bespectacled, moderately aged man who has been sent from Clybourne Park, the prospective neighborhood of the Younger family. He requests to talk with Mrs. Lena Younger (Mama), however since she isn't home, Walter says that he handles the majority of the privately-run company. Karl Lindner is the administrator of an inviting board of trustees - an affiliation that invites newcomers, however that additionally manages risky circumstances. Writer Lorraine Hansberry portrays him in the accompanying stage headings: He is a delicate man; insightful and to some degree toiled in his way. (Note: In the film variant, Mr. Lindner was played by John Fiedler, a similar on-screen character who gave the voice of Piglet in Disneys Winnie the Pooh kid's shows. That is the way meek he is intended to appear.) Yet, regardless of his delicate quirks, Mr. Lindner speaks to something treacherous; he represents an enormous bit of 1950s society who were accepted they were not unmistakably supremacist, yet unobtrusively permitted prejudice to flourish inside their locale. In the long run, Mr. Lindner uncovers his motivation. His advisory group needs their neighborhood to stay isolated. Walter and the others become extremely agitated with his message. Detecting their unsettling influence, Lindner briskly clarifies that his advisory group needs to purchase the new house from the Youngers, with the goal that the dark family will make a sound benefit in the trade. Walter is disheartened and offended by Lindners recommendation. The director leaves, tragically saying, You simply cant power individuals to change their hearts child. Legitimately after Lindner ways out, Mama and Travis enter. Beneatha and Walter teasingly clarify that the Welcoming Committee of Clybourne Park cant barely stand by to see Mamas face. Mother in the end gets the quip, however she doesn't think that its interesting. They wonder why the white network is so against living close to a dark family. RUTH: You ought to hear the cash those people raised to purchase the house from us. All we paid to say the least. BENEATHA: What they think we going to do - eat em? RUTH: No, nectar, wed em. Mother: (Shaking her head.) Lord, Lord, Lord... Mother's Houseplant The focal point of Act Two, Scene Three of A Raisin in the Sun movements to Mama and her houseplant. She readies the plant for the enormous move with the goal that it wont get injured all the while. When Beneatha inquires as to why Mama would need to keep that raggedy-looking old thing, Mama Younger answers: It communicates me. This is Mamas method of reviewing Beneathas rant about self-articulation, yet it additionally uncovers the fondness Mama feels for the suffering houseplant. Also, despite the fact that the family may kid about the worn out state of the plant, the family firmly trusts in Mamas capacity to support. This is apparent by the Moving Day endowments they present to her. In the stage headings, the endowments are portrayed as: a shiny new shimmering set of apparatuses and a wide planting cap. The writer likewise notes in the stage headings that these are the principal presents Mama has gotten outside of Christmas. One may imagine that the Younger family is on the cusp of a prosperous new life, yet there is one more thump at the entryway. Walter Lee and the Money Loaded up with apprehensive expectation, Walter in the end opens the entryway. One of his two colleagues remains before him with a calming articulation. His name is Bobo; the missing colleague is named Willy. Bobo, in calm urgency, clarifies the troubling news. Willy should meet Bobo and travel to Springfield to rapidly get an alcohol permit. Rather, Willy took all of Walters venture cash, just as Bobos life investment funds. During Act Two, Scene Two, Mama endowed $6500 to her child, Walter. She taught him to put 3,000 dollars in a bank account. That cash was intended for Beneathas school training. The remaining $3500 was for Walter. Be that as it may, Walter didnt simply put away his cash he gave every last bit of it to Willy, including Beneathas parcel. When Bobo uncovers the updates on Willys treachery (and Walters choice to leave the entirety of the cash in the possession of an extortionist), the family is crushed. Beneatha is loaded up with anger, and Walter is wroth with disgrace. Mother snaps and more than once smacks Walter Lee in the face. In an unexpected move, Beneatha really stops her moms attack. (I state shock move since I expected Beneatha to participate!) At long last, Mama meanders around the room, reviewing how her better half had functioned himself to death (and all evidently to no end.) The scene closes with Mama Younger admiring God, requesting quality.

Jerry Sandusky: Child Molester or Not? Essays -- Child Molestation

To most kids, everything on the planet is acceptable, noble, and totally blameless. Getting their squeezed apple taken by their sibling is the most noticeably terrible thing that might ever transpire. Being sheltered, secure, and effortless is the truth for most kids, as it ought to be. For 10 people that have made their youth occurrences open to the general population, an extremely malevolent and wound man took the blamelessness that they once knew. This man is Jerry Sandusky. Sandusky was referred to most as an ordinary man who instructed football at Pennsylvania State University, otherwise called â€Å"Penn State† (Bronstein). In the 23 years that Sandusky instructed, he fundamentally filled in as protective facilitator (Scott). In 1999, after his 23rd season, lead trainer Joe Paterno educated Sandusky that he would not turn into the following lead trainer of the Penn State football crew (Scott). That solitary discussion drove Sandusky to his retirement that equivalent year (Grand Jury Report 16). Casualty 4 later affirmed that this circumstance upset Sandusky extraordinarily (Grand Jury Report 16). Jerry Sandusky initially met his casualties during That Time Mile, a foundation for in danger youngsters (Johnson). This foundation was begun as a gathering home in 1977 by Sandusky himself, however transformed into an association that extended over all of focal Pennsylvania (Grand Jury Report 1). While the Second Mile program served more than 100,000 youngsters, it’s total assets detonated to over $9 million (Roebuck). This program gave Sandusky simple access to little young men and a lot of them through day camps, picnics, and chances for the young men to go to football match-ups with him (Johnson). Sandusky would initially begin easygoing discussion with the young men before welcoming them to Penn State football match-ups or different incidental trips (Johnson... ... Transcript. Leshan, Bruce. Sandusky Casualty #1 Ready To Testify | Wusa9.com. Wusa9.com. 12 Dec. 2011. Web. 14 Dec. 2011. Priest, John. In Sandusky Case, Columbia Lawyer Stands with Victim No. 6 - Local/Metro - TheState.com. TheState.com. 13 Dec. 2011. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. Roebuck, Jeremy. Penn State Scandal Directs New Scrutiny to University's Relationship with Second Mile Charity. Philadelphia Inquirer 26 Nov. 2011. Print. Roebuck, Jeremy. Sandusky Lawyer Decries Media's Chilling Effect on His Witnesses. Philadelphia Inquirer 27 Nov. 2011. EBSCO Publishing Service Selection Page. Web. 30 Nov. 2011. Sandusky Case Now Heads to Trial. EBSCO Publishing Service Selection Page. USA Today, 14 Dec. 2011. Web. 15 Dec. 2011. Scott, David C. Jerry Sandusky: What Did Penn State's Joe Paterno Know about Him? Christian Science Monitor. Web. 30 Nov. 2011.

The Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Alcohol Abuse

The Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Alcohol Abuse Social Anxiety Disorder Related Conditions Print The Relationship Between Social Anxiety and Alcohol Abuse By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 04, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 14, 2020 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Dave and Les Jacobs /Getty Images If you have social anxiety disorder, you have about a 20% chance of also suffering with alcohol abuse. About 2% to 13% of the general population is estimated to have social anxiety disorder (SAD),  making it potentially the third most common disorder behind depression and alcoholism. Its no wonder, then, that these two disorders often occur together. Which usually comes first: SAD or alcoholism? If you have been diagnosed with both disorders, chances are that you were diagnosed with SAD first, about 10 years before developing a full-blown problem with alcohol. Most people say that they first start drinking as a way to manage social anxiety. Over time, drinking habits can develop and become a problem in their own right. Drinking too much can hurt your personal relationships, affect your life at school or work, and may even lead to problems with the law. Treatment Options for Alcoholism and SAD If you have been diagnosed with alcoholism and SAD, treatments that are used with people who have just SAD may not be as helpful for you. If you are a teenager or young adult, chances are that your drinking has not yet developed into full-blown alcoholism. At this stage, if you are drinking, it is probably just a coping strategy for situations that make you anxious or nervous. If you are in this age group, standard treatments for SAD will probably be helpful in overcoming your social anxiety and may even prevent a problem with alcohol from developing. However, if you have already been diagnosed with alcoholism, treatment for SAD alone is not likely to help you overcome your problems with alcohol. By the same token, a treatment designed for alcoholism alone is not likely to help you overcome social fears. Your doctor or therapist should design a treatment plan that takes into account the unique problems that go along with having both SAD and alcoholism. For example, receiving treatment for SAD first might make it easier for you to take part in treatment for alcoholism such as group therapy or Alcoholics Anonymous. Find Relief With the 7 Best Online Anxiety Support Groups Medication Recommendations Certain medications used in the treatment of SAD may not be recommended for people with alcoholism. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) interact with tyramine, an amino acid found in some alcoholic beverages. Mixing alcohol and MAOIs can be a potentially dangerous combination and therefore may not be recommended for people who have problems with alcohol and are likely to drink. Benzodiazepines and alcohol both affect an area of the brain responsible for maintaining breathing; mixing the two substances could shut down that area of the brain with potentially fatal consequences. Benzodiazepines can also be habit-forming and therefore may not be recommended for people who have a tendency toward addiction. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are usually the best medication option for treating SAD in people who also have alcohol use disorders. SSRIs are not habit-forming and there is some evidence that one particular SSRI, Paxil (paroxetine), may reduce the use of alcohol as a coping strategy in social situations. Despite these advantages, one does need to exercise some caution in using alcohol with SSRIs as the effects on the central nervous system can sometimes be unpredictable. Risk of Relapse People who are treated for alcohol problems but not underlying social anxiety are more likely to start drinking again than people who don’t have SAD. In fact, in terms of anxiety disorders, SAD is linked to the highest risk for drinking after ending alcoholism treatment. If you think about it, this makes sense. Many people who have SAD report that drinking is their number one coping strategy aside from avoiding social situations altogether. Treating an alcohol problem without providing appropriate coping strategies to manage social anxiety doesn’t give people the tools needed to overcome both problems. What Does This Mean for Me? If you suspect that you have a problem with both social anxiety and alcohol, it is best to see a doctor or therapist to talk about the difficulty you are having in both areas. Together you can create a plan for treatment that will address your concerns. Remember that these problems developed over a long period and that they won’t be solved overnight; however, by seeking the treatment you are making the first step in the right direction.

The Conflict Of The Palestinian Negotiations - 2009 Words

The word ‘colonization’ and ‘encroachment of lands’ reach a new level when we talk about the Occupied Palestinian territory. In 1948, with the establishment of the state of Israel more than three quarters of the Palestinian population were forcibly dispossessed and expelled to become refugees in neighboring Arab states to make way for the ‘newcomers’(Giacaman et al., 2009). Since then the lives of British Mandate Palestinians kept on becoming worse with ongoing conflicts and failed attempts of resolutions. The outcomes of the Israeli-Palestinian negotiations to peace have not yet been determined. But what has been seen is that since the eruption of violence in September 2000, Palestinians have suffered from a lack of access to basic services, particularly much needed medical services and violations of the health-related rights, which have also increased considerably with time (Stefanini Ziv, 2004). From that time, multiple roadblocks have been established in the West Bank and in the Gaza, preventing people in these areas from accessing medical care. Physical barriers have been established around villages, medical personnel have been denied free passage, ambulances were torched with fire, hospitals have been surrounded by tanks and searched and have been left without medical supplies, residents have been imprisoned in their homes without basic food items or access to medicines (Stefanini Ziv, 2004). This assignment will outline the major health problems in the OccupiedShow MoreRelatedEssay about Ethnic Conflict in the Middle East1665 Words   |  7 PagesEthnic Conflict in the Middle East Ethnic conflicts are well rooted in the worlds history and perhaps inherent in human nature. This type of conflict is difficult to resolve as is evident in the situation in the Middle East. The ethnic conflict theory explains that it is not territory, politics, or economics that prevents the achievement of peace between the Israeli and Palestinian peoples, instead, it is a deep-seated hatred of one another that neither group can overcome. TheRead MoreThe Israeli Palestinian Conflict, By Benjamin Netanyahu1327 Words   |  6 PagesThe Israeli-Palestinian conflict can be seen from different perspectives, one of them being from the Likud party in the Israeli government. In particular, there are stances that Likud takes on the conflict. Right now, Benjamin Netanyahu is the Israeli Prime Minister, and his current approach to dealing with the conflict differs from the approach taken in 2009. 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An attempt to e stablish peace without resolution of these problems will result in failure, proven in past negotiation efforts. The core sources of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict should be the focus of the peace talks. It is integral that both sides come to a resolution about equal education

Egypt And Mesopotamia Similarities - 984 Words

Paper 1 In what ways were the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt alike? In what ways were they different? What accounts for these similarities and differences? Mesopotamia and Egypt were the first known civilizations in history. While maintaining separate identities, they still managed to have a vast number of similarities. Differences that go beyond general location were also very prevalent between the two civilizations. One of the biggest similarities between the two civilizations is that they both put an end to the nomadic lifestyle that early humans were living and they shared similar locations. Mesopotamia was located between two rivers known as the Tigris and Euphrates; whereas, Egypt was located along the Nile river.†¦show more content†¦This language had alphabetic elements as well as logos. Religion between Mesopotamia and Egypt were fairly similar. They both were polytheistic, which means they worship more than one god. Mesopotamian religion saw humans as the servants of the gods, who had to be appeased for protection. Egyptians believed that the gods created all humans but were also controlled by the principle of order. Unlike followers of Mesopotamian religion, the Egyptians had a strong belief in the afterlife, which they expressed by building elaborate tombs such as the pyramids that were used to place pharaohs in after they had passed away. In Mesopotamia, the high class consisted of kings and nobles. The royal class was looked upon highly, and soon became hereditary. Next in the social chain were the priests and priestesses, many of whom were related to the rulers in some way. Their main responsibility was to intervene with the gods and ensure good fortune for their cities. Lower class people worked as farmers in the countryside or in other manufacturing jobs jus t as welders. Slaves were at the very bottom of the ladder in Mesopotamia. Slaves were typically: prisoners of war, convicted criminals, and people who sold themselves into slavery in order to pay off their dues. Most slaves were domestic servants in wealthy households, but some worked as agricultural laborers as well. Like the Mesopotamians, Egyptians had aShow MoreRelatedEgypt And Mesopotamia Similarities751 Words   |  4 Pages Mesopotamia and Egypt were both part of the creation of the worlds first civilizations. These countries shared many similarities and differences within their society, political structure, and their religions. Mesopotamian and Egypt both flourished near rivers in which enabled them to become an agricultural enriched society. While both civilizations had the advantage of the rivers, Egypt did not have the fertile hinterland that allowed Mesopotamia to excel in agriculture. Through a political standpointRead MoreEgypt And Mesopotamia Similarities1368 Words   |  6 PagesBoth Egyptian and Mesopotamian Views of Living Egypt is a country found on the northeast corner of Africa. While Mesopotamia is found between the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates in the western part of the Middle East. Both of these countries share the Mediterranean Sea. Even though in distance they did not seem far apart they had similarities, and differences in their two cultures. Both Egypt and Mesopotamia had unique religions, writing systems, literature, scientific achievements, art, and intricateRead MoreSimilarities Between Ancient Egypt And Mesopotamia951 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Egypt and Mesopotamia. However, because of the different geography, exposure to outside invasion, influence, and beliefs, Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia came to not only contrast in political and social structures but also share similarities in them as well. 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Only a small area of Egyptian land (the Delta and NileRead MoreSimilarities Between Ancient Mesopotamia And Egypt1101 Words   |  5 PagesDifferences and Similarities While describing the cultural among the people of Mesopotamia and Egypt, I learned the differences and similarities in culture. The birth of Mesopotamian Civilization began in c. 3000 B.C.E., in the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers of Southwest Asia. Mesopotamia is a Greek word and it means ‘between the rivers.’ In contrast, the birth of Egyptian Civilization began in c. 3100 B.C.E., in a valley of the Nile River in Northeastern Africa. Egypt is a Greek wordRead MoreSimilarities Between Mesopotamia And Egypt1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe geographical location was an important factor in many of the ancient civilizations. Where the people settled determined whether they would have success at surviving. 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Mesopotamian culture thought negatively about its gods, and had conflict, cultural diffusion, and a decentralized government while Ancient Egypt thought highly of its gods, had a centralizedRead MoreEgypt and Mesopotamia: Similarities and Differences in Religion956 Words   |  4 Pagespessimistic outlook on life because of the unpredictability of their environment. The Egyptians, on the other hand, had an optimistic outlook because the Nile River inundated their region regularly, which could be predicted by the stars. The similarities and differences in the religions of these two regions may be attributable to the relative geographical isolationism of the two areas, which allowed them to develop without the influence of outside cultures. 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The political differences between Egypt and Mesopotamia included hierarchy power, land control, and centralized government. The similarities between both civilizations are social class, male patriarchy, and kings. Egypt and Mesopotamia both had differences of their political

Health Care Systems Australia And Sweden Essay - 1055 Words

One of the most important objectives a country faces is providing the population high quality, accessible, and affordable health care. Unfortunately, it’s not that simple due to the many challenges that health care systems encounter. According to the World Health Organization’s rankings of the World’s Health Systems, Australia and Sweden are ranked high on the list compared to the rest of the world. Both countries have an exceptional health care system that is able to provide universal care for its entire population. It’s important to take into consideration the demographic profile and socioeconomic condition of a country before reviewing their health care system as a whole since these factors can greatly affect the outcome. It’s also essential to look at the governance system in order to understand the current reform that is taking place within the country to overcome the challenges they are facing. Both have displayed outstanding achievements and they may be used as models for other countries that aim for universal healthcare. Australia is located in the continent of Oceania, covers 7,682,300 square kilometers of land, and 58,920 square kilometers of water; making it the 6th largest nation in the world with a total area of 7,741,220 square kilometers (World Atlas, 2015). It inhabits approximately 24 million people as of 2015, which reflects an increase of 326,100 people since 2014. (Bureau of statistics, 2016). Australia is 92% Caucasian, 7% Asian, and 1% aboriginal/Show MoreRelatedThe Sweden Health Care System1750 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Sweden health care system and that of the Australian’s health care system are two different but fairly similar systems, and roughly operate in two different ways amongst its similarity that will be introduced to u below. This comprehensive essay introduces the combining elements that make the structure of the health care system of Australian and also how it operates as well as the exact same elements, structure and function of the Sweden health care system. Regarding Sweden and the Australia’sRead MoreProstitution : A Matter Of Numbers1107 Words   |  5 Pagesvoluntary prostitution is irrelevant (Government Offices of Sweden, 2010). Even though many consider the legalisation of prostitution as a solution to protect prostitutes from rapes and sexual harassment, to improve their working conditions, promote safe sex and a better health care and finally to eradicate sex trafficking and criminal organisations (Sullivan, 2005), the experience of the state of Victoria in Australia compared to the one of Sweden constitutes evidence to affirm that banning the purchaseRead MoreU.s. : A Better Healthcare System1249 Words   |  5 PagesThe U.S. ranks one of lowest in health care performance internationally. The U.S. has vast access to quality health care and is far ahead of any other country in technology, but it is one of the most expensive healthcare system in the world but still underperforms more than any other country. The U.S. can benefit learning from other countries that have developed a better healthcare system. The U.S. is a young country compared to other countries, it’s still developing a way to provide the AmericanRead MoreThe World Health Organization Essay examples594 Words   |  3 PagesThe World Health Organization (WHO) is the United Nations specialized agency for health, and was established on April 7, 1948. The WHOs objective, is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. The WHO defines health in its Constitution as, a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. The World Health Organization uses several categories to establish standards that show how countries stand up to othersRead MoreU.s. Healthcare System : The United States1574 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it comes to the U.S. healthcare system, there are two sides of the argument. Some Americans may argue that the U.S. healthcare system is the best in the world given the many state-of-the-art healthcare facilities and innovative and advanced medical technology available, and there are those who argue that it is too costly and inefficient on many different levels (Chua, 2006). Despite the large amount of spending invested on their healthcare system, the U.S. consistently underperforms on mostRead MoreTrends Of Medical Care Around The World1269 Words   |  6 PagesMedical Care Around the World Alex Blissitte As the many cultures and societies across the world change, the spread of healthcare changes, as well. Through research, we are able to compare both the benefits and disadvantages of various types of healthcare across the world. By studying trends and applying current knowledge, we can predict what the future holds for medical care in both our own country and other countries. Two examples of a developed healthcare system can be seen in Australia and EnglandRead MoreRationale Behind Marketisation Of Care1268 Words   |  6 Pages2. Rationale behind Marketisation of Care 2.1 Definition of marketisation of care Marketisation is a worldwide trend across the field of social welfare, such as education (Ntshoe, 2004; Lowrie and Hemsley-Brown, 2011), health care (Collyer and White, 2011), voluntary/charity organisations (Cunningham, et al., 2013; Mckay, et al., 2015), and elder care and childcare (Brennan, et al., 2012). As Drakeford (2007) proposed, the marketisation of welfare has various forms, including ownership transformingRead MoreReview Of Elder Abuse Nursing Care1005 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review: Review of Elder abuse Nursing Care Abstract Elder abuse is global issue which is recognized as a serious and growing problem that impact individual, families and the healthcare systems (Erlingsson et al. 2012). According to Winterstein (2012), Nurses have major role in encounters with elder abuse. In spite of their important role, they are often not aware of the situation. The purpose of the literature review is to examine elder abuse in society, and how nurses react to its occurrenceRead MoreThe United States Should Provide Universal Health Care For All Of Its Citizens857 Words   |  4 Pageswhole (The Institute of Medicine). II. Today I will provide arguments showing you why the United States should provide a Universal Health Care for all of its citizens. III. After conducting thorough research on this topic, I am here to share this information with you today. Tie to the audience: Am sure that there is someone that you know that might need health care and cannot afford it or even you have found yourselves in this same place while in between jobs. IV. Today I’d like to talk to you Read MoreNursing Informatics Telenursing1276 Words   |  6 Pagesit is saving a cost of care, helping the shortage of nurses, reducing distances and travel time, keeping patients out of hospital and expending in coverage of healthcare to distance. The growth of aged population and the increase of chronic disease have aggravated the problem and the challenges have demanded a review of the way care services are traditionally provided. The practice of telenursing can contribute to disparity of care, a cost effective care, and delivering care at home or non-hospital

The Changing Nature of Workplace Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Changing Nature of Workplace. Answer: Introduction The assignment deals with the changing nature of the workplace. The workplace was predominantly stable in 1990 with many staff staying in the organisation. This trend has changed drastically in compared to the present workplace culture. It will be discussed in the paper comprehensively. The paper discusses the implications of these changes specially the workplace skills and for management, requires to sustain the change. As a manager evaluative conclusions will be drawn. Discussion If the work life is compared today from what it was in 40 years ago clearly there will be no Starbucks everywhere or Smartphone in every pocket. The work culture was significantly different. As per Worrall et al. (2016), the organisations today have work that is more team-based and collaborative. The work type is more dependent on technological competence, and is more cognitive complex. The work place change is due to change in nature of work. The work pattern today is more dependent on mobile and less on geography. The organisation that people work in toady is likely to be different due to several other factors. Workplace today has more cognitive pressure and includes technological breakthroughs. Organisations today are more focused on finding value from consumers and workers. Workplace are more agile and learner. One can find that organisations today are less hierarchical in structure. Decision authority is quite prominent in todays workplaces. It is observed that they are more inclined towards dynamic competitive requirements and strategy. The ultimate goal of the organisations is to maintain high profit market or win competitive advantage thus; they are less likely to provide job security. Due to competitive pressure there is changes in job profile and thus no company provides life long careers (Alias et al. 2014). The are several key drivers pointed by the organisational theorists, which seems to contribute to this changing nature of work. Two of the main drivers are- Firstly, the aim of an enterprise to become lean. Secondly, growth in mobile technologies, that separate work from time and space. The principles of the lean enterprise include eliminating the non-value added activities in the organisations. It also refers to eliminating the waste and inefficiencies in support. This model encouraged organisations to change rapidly as per the market. Thus, the organisations reduced the cycle time, are developing the mass communication process. These principles help in supporting the continual change and innovation, thereby improving the efficiency of the internal processes (Grint and Woolgar 2013). There is a much strain on workers facing management and in response to the new organisational models and technologies. The workers in organizations today experience cognitive incompetence, social and interactive incompetence. From workers perspectives, the literature evidence highlights that workers tend to choose jobs that fetch more money in less time. Workers tend to focus on what is easy instead of what is more important (Kraft Grace, 2016). Workers tend to lack well-developed social skills, which is required in todays organisations preferring more collaboration and collective activity. Workers face dilemma during conflict resolution, relationship development and networking. In the collaborative settings, the fate of the workers is bound to collective success (Brewer et al., 2017). It might be discomforting for the workers not being recognised for the individual responsibility and individual achievement. Present organisations do not practice, respecting the workers participation , identity, and quality of life. Instead, they focus on reducing the labour cost, creating uncertain future for employees. Today there are less full time employees in the workplace. It may be due to increase in time burdens (downsizing and outsourcing), reduced loyalty and commitment. Thus, there is an increasing number of employees working as contractors, part-time, casual workers working on demand basis or need basis or as per flexibility (Brock et al. 2017). As a manger, the recommendations to strive in the uncertain future are discussed in the subsequent sections. The workers need to come up with the structured ways of working and require strong analytical and judgemental skills. For technical and managerial jobs, there is need of good cognitive skills. Independent decision-making is important for the administrative tasks. It is the need of all the workers to attend the training classes to be conversant with the business strategy. The workers must improve the internal working relationships, cross group communication, and collaboration. The workers must reduce the workplace stress and increase the overall quality of life (Ng and Law 2014). The organisations should be able to cope with the advancement in technology and thus enable wireless infrastructure, wireless LAN, Mobile video conferencing too, ls, interactive whiteboards. Workers at all levels in the organisation should engage in continuous competency development. Organisation should be the learning centres for the workers to learn not just through training but also through relationship with co-workers. Continuous learning improves the problem solving, conflict resolution skills, learning from mistakes, motivation to work. Organization should have rewards and recognition schemes for employee retention and continuous professional development (Cole et al. 2014). Conclusion Work nature is changing rapidly and to overcome the uncertainty in workplace the workers and the organisations as a whole must strive for cognitive competence, social and interactive competence. References Alias, N.E., Noor, N. and Hassan, R., 2014. Examining the mediating effect of employee engagement on the relationship between talent management practices and employee retention in the Information and Technology (IT) organizations in Malaysia.Journal of Human Resources Management and Labor Studies,2(2), pp.227-242. Brewer, M.L., Flavell, H.L. and Jordon, J., 2017. Interprofessional team-based placements: The importance of space, place, and facilitation.Journal of Interprofessional Care, pp.1-9. Brock, S.E., Brock, S.E., McAliney, P.J., McAliney, P.J., Ma, C.H., Ma, C.H., Sen, A. and Sen, A., 2017. Toward more practical measurement of teamwork skills.Journal of Workplace Learning,29(2), pp.124-133. Grint, K. and Woolgar, S., 2013.The machine at work: Technology, work and organization. John Wiley Sons. Cole, R., Oliver, A. and Blaviesciunaite, A., 2014. The changing nature of workplace culture.Facilities,32(13/14), pp.786-800. Kraft, M. A., Grace, S. (2016).Teaching for tomorrows economy? Teacher effects on complex cognitive skills and social-emotional competencies. Working Paper. Providence, RI: Brown University. Retrieved from https://scholar. harvard. edu/files/mkraft/files/teaching_for_tomorrows_economy_-_final_public. pdf. Ng, E.S. and Law, A., 2014. Keeping up! Older workers adaptation in the workplace after age 55.Canadian Journal on Aging/La revue canadienne du vieillissement,33(1), pp.1-14. Worrall, L., Mather, K. and Cooper, C.L., 2016.The changing nature of professional and managerial work: issues and challenges from an empirical study of the UK(pp. 60-85). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.